Wastewater management and reuse practices in soilless fish farms in Benin

Abstract

Wastewater management and reuse practices in fish farms are part of a drive to promote and develop sustainable aquaculture in order to accelerate the ecological transition in this sub-sector in Benin. To this end, we have evaluated, within a circular economy framework, the effluent reuse practices in soilless fish farms. Socioeconomic, professional, production, management, and effluent valorization data were collected using a structured and digitized questionnaire (KoboCollect) from 92% of operational fish farms (n=40). The results reveal that fish farming is a predominantly male activity (81%), practiced by mature individuals (>30 years old) who have proven family responsibilities (>82%), and at least 75% of whom have a high level of education. More than 94% of fish farmers belong to a cooperative or group where they all practice semi-intensive fish farming, using a significant flow of water and feed. However, 60% reuse wastewater, particularly for vegetable production (71%). The reported benefits of using this effluent are therefore a clear guarantee of the adoption and success of any initiatives or innovations, such as integrated fish farming (IFT) and aquaponics.

Keywords:  Soilless fish farm, Fish effluent, Agro-fish farming, Aquaponics, Sustainable aquaculture