Distribution of gallery forest bird communities according to the biogeographic zones of Benin

Abstract

This study focuses on the distribution of gallery forest bird communities in relation to biogeographical zones in Benin, with the aim of assessing their biodiversity and ecological characteristics. The data collection method is based on fixed 20-minute listening points (simple point sampling) supplemented by capture sessions. Surveys were carried out at 45 circular stations with a radius of 18 m, located in gallery forests in the country's three biogeographical zones: Guinean, Sudano-Guinean and Sudanian. At each station, several ecological data were measured: the scientific name of the birds, their abundance, the characterization of the stations and the behavior of the birds during observation. Analyses focused on alpha diversity (Shannon and Piélou equitability indices) and beta diversity (Sørensen index). A total of 140 bird species belonging to 44 families and 18 orders were recorded. Shannon diversity ranged from 3.81 to 5.35 bits, and Piélou equitability from 0.73 to 0.94, reflecting high species richness and a relatively balanced species distribution. Sørensen's indices indicate a relatively constant similarity between habitats. These results provide an important database for the sustainable conservation of gallery forests and their avifauna. They also open up prospects for the development of ornithological ecotourism in Benin.

Keywords: Riparian forests, Birds, Classified forest, Biogeographic area, Benin